{"id":1486,"date":"2017-08-22T23:09:21","date_gmt":"2017-08-22T20:09:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/?p=1486"},"modified":"2021-08-17T00:39:07","modified_gmt":"2021-08-16T21:39:07","slug":"betonun-bilesenleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/betonun-bilesenleri.html","title":{"rendered":"Betonun Bile\u015fenleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Betonu olu\u015fturan hammaddeler agrega ( ince ve kaba ), su, \u00e7imento, kimyasal ve m ineral katk\u0131lard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bile\u015fen malzemeler, betonun dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyebilecek veya donat\u0131 korozyonuna sebep olabilecek miktarda zararl\u0131 madde i\u00e7ermemeli ve betonda kullan\u0131m amac\u0131na uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

HAZIR BETON B\u0130LE\u015eENLER\u0130<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

AGREGA: Beton Teknolojisinde kullan\u0131lan kum, \u00e7ak\u0131l, k\u0131rma ta\u015f gibi taneli malzemelerin genel ad\u0131 agregad\u0131r. Beton i\u00e7erisinde hacimsel olarak yakla\u015f\u0131k % 75 civar\u0131nda bulunan agrega \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015fendir.<\/span><\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Agregalar tane boyutlar\u0131na g\u00f6re ince ve kaba agrega olarak iki k\u0131sma ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Betonda kullan\u0131lacak agregalar TS 706 prEN 12620 standard\u0131na uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Agregalar\u0131n beton i\u00e7erisinde rol\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131 sebebi ile betonda kullan\u0131lacak agregalar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131, gran\u00fclometrisi, sertli\u011fi betona direk olarak etkiler.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Agrega tipi, tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve yass\u0131l\u0131k – uzunluk, donma \/ \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, incelik gibi agrega \u00f6zellikleri :<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Yap\u0131m ( in\u015faat ) y\u00f6ntemi, Betonun yap\u0131da kullan\u0131m amac\u0131,<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Betonun maruz kalaca\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evre \u015fartlar\u0131,<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr agrega y\u00fczeyi veya y\u00fczey bitirme i\u015flemlerinin gerektirdi\u011fi di\u011fer \u00f6zellikler dikkate al\u0131narak se\u00e7ilmelidir.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Beton kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda Agregalar\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck anma tane b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ( Dmax.), donat\u0131n\u0131n beton \u00f6rt\u00fc tabakas\u0131 (paspay\u0131 ) ve beton eleman kesitinin en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck boyutu dikkate al\u0131narak belirlenmelidir.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7\u0130MENTO: Su ile \u0131slat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hidrotasyon olay\u0131 sonucu sertle\u015fen ve bir daha yumu\u015famayan hidrolik bir ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Yakla\u015f\u0131k % 70 kalker, % 30 kil ve gerekiyorsa demir cevheri kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 1400 – 1500 c de d\u00f6ner f\u0131r\u0131nlarda pi\u015firilir ve erken priz yapmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in % 2 – 6 oran\u0131nda jips ( al\u00e7\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131) ilave edilerek \u00e7imento elde edilir.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Haz\u0131r betonda kullan\u0131lacak \u00e7imentolar yap\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri dikkate al\u0131narak belirlenmeli ve EN 197 \u2013 1<\/strong>
\nstandard\u0131na uygunlu\u011fu kan\u0131tlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. ( TS EN 206 – 1 \/ N\u0130SAN 2002 )<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

KARMA SUYU: Beton \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m suyunun iki \u00f6n emli i\u015flevi vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Toz haldeki \u00e7imento ve agregay\u0131 plastik, i\u015flenebilir bir k\u00fctle haline getirmek.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u00c7imento ile kimyasal reaksiyona girerek plastik k\u00fctlenin sertle\u015fmesini sa\u011flamak. Genel olarak i\u00e7ilebilir \u00f6zellikteki b\u00fct\u00fcn sular bet onda kullan\u0131lmaya uygundur.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Ancak Haz\u0131r betonda kullan\u0131lacak kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m suyunun kalitesinin belirlenmesi uygunlu\u011funun kan\u0131tlanmas\u0131<\/strong>
\ngereklidir.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

BETON KATKI MADDELER\u0130<\/strong><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Beton kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmakta kullan\u0131lan \u00e7imento, agrega ve su gibi temel malzemelerin kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015fleminden hemen \u00f6nce veya kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemi esnas\u0131nda beton kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erisine kat\u0131lan malzemeye Beton Katk\u0131 Maddesi denilmektedir. Beton katk\u0131 maddeleri, betonun baz\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerini de\u011fi\u015ftirerek performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilmekte \/ veya betonun daha ekonomik olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Beton katk\u0131 maddelerini d\u00f6rt ana grup alt\u0131nda toplan\u0131r.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

1. K\u0130MYASAL KATKI MADDELER\u0130:<\/strong><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Beton teknolojisinde, kimyasal katk\u0131 maddeleri, su i\u00e7erisinde erime \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6steren katk\u0131 maddeleri olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Betonun kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m suyu ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 azaltan katk\u0131lar, taze betonun priz almas\u0131n\u0131 geciktiren katk\u0131lar ve priz almas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131ran katk\u0131lar kimyasal katk\u0131 maddeleri olarak tarif edilir.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

2. HAVA S\u00dcR\u00dcKLEY\u0130C\u0130 KATKI MADDELER\u0130<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Beton kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7erisine kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda, \u00e7imento hamurunun i\u00e7erisinde birbirleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olmayan \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve karal\u0131 hava kabarc\u0131klar\u0131 olu\u015fturan katk\u0131 maddeleri olarak tarif edilirler.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Hava s\u00fcr\u00fckleyici katk\u0131 maddelerinin t\u00fcm\u00fc su i\u00e7erinde erime g\u00f6steren t\u00fcrde de\u011fildir. Bu sebeple bu t\u00fcr katk\u0131 maddeleri ayr\u0131 bir grup olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Hava s\u00fcr\u00fckleyici katk\u0131 maddeleri, betonun dona kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak amac\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0130NCE TANEL\u0130 M\u0130NERAL KATKI MADDELER\u0130<\/strong><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Beton Teknolojisinde kullan\u0131lan mineral katk\u0131 maddeleri , u\u00e7ucu k\u00fcl, silis duman\u0131, tras, gran\u00fcle y\u00fcksek f\u0131r\u0131n c\u00fcrufu gibi puzolonik \u00f6zellikli maddelerdir.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130nce taneli mineral katk\u0131lar, betonun i\u015flenebilmesini, dayan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ekonomiklili\u011fini art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

4. DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130K T\u0130PTEK\u0130 D\u0130\u011eER KATKI MADDELER\u0130<\/strong><\/span>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Korozyon \u00f6nleyici katk\u0131lar, nem \u00f6nleyici, su ge\u00e7irgenli\u011fini azaltan , renklendirici katk\u0131lar gibi.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130stenilen k\u0131vamda bir taze beton elde etmek \u00fczere beton kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ihtiyac\u0131 olan su miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltan, taze betonun priz almas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131ran veya geciktiren katk\u0131 maddeleri gibi kimyasal katk\u0131 maddeleri ve hava s\u00fcr\u00fckleyici katk\u0131lar, genellikle betonun karma suyu i\u00e7erisine \u00e7imento a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n % olarak katk\u0131 cinsine g\u00f6re ilave edilir.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130nce taneli mineral katk\u0131 maddeleri, betondaki \u00e7imento a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k % 10 – 50 sine denk gelen<\/strong>
\nmiktarlarda kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma ilave edilir.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Beton katk\u0131 maddeleri taze betonun i\u015flenebilme, k\u0131vam, su ihtiyac\u0131 ve priz s\u00fcreleri gibi \u00f6zelliklerini istenildi\u011fi y\u00f6nde de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, betonun terlemesini azaltmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

Taze betonun \u00f6zellikleri, ba\u015fta dayan\u0131m ve dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k olmak \u00fczere, sertl e\u015fmi\u015f betonun t\u00fcm \u00f6zeliklerini ve<\/strong>
\nekonomiyi etkilemektedir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Betonu olu\u015fturan hammaddeler agrega ( ince ve kaba ), su, \u00e7imento, kimyasal ve m ineral katk\u0131lard\u0131r. Bile\u015fen malzemeler, betonun dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyebilecek veya donat\u0131 korozyonuna sebep olabilecek miktarda zararl\u0131 madde i\u00e7ermemeli ve betonda kullan\u0131m amac\u0131na uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2534,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tunel-nedir"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/puskurtme-betonun-bilesenleri-1.jpeg?v=1657999395","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9zVBf-nY","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1486","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1486"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1486\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2540,"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1486\/revisions\/2540"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2534"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1486"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1486"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bakiacil.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}